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American entrada slogan

Trump's "Brand America Great Again!" sign used during his 2022 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Once more" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2022 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Bang-up Again" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Beak Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used information technology again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'due south unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's utilize of the phrase "probably the well-nigh resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilisation phenomenon, seeing widespread apply and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United states, regarding information technology as dog-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[4] [v] [half-dozen] [7] The slogan was likewise at the heart of ii events originally reported inaccurately in about media outlets, the Jussie Smollett detest crime hoax and the Jan 2022 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [nine] [x] [xi]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th United states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. At that place are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can requite them the spirit which volition beget vision. That volition make America great once more."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was institute in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater'south unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Allow'due south make America corking again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'south 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economic system at home marked past stagflation and Reagan, using the country'south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amongst the electorate.[xiv] [xv] [16] [17] Within his credence speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without task opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, peculiarly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America neat once more."[18] [19]

Pecker Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[twenty] past Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'due south 2008 presidential primary entrada.[22]

During the 2022 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'southward version, used as a campaign rallying weep, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite you an economy you had 50 years agone, and... move you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's volume near her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin'southward Press on August sixteen, 2011, every bit Troublemaker: Let's Exercise What Information technology Takes to Brand America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Great Again" cap during his 2022 presidential entrada

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to dominion out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must make America groovy again."[25] Likewise in December 2011, he published a book using equally a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2022 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Nifty Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's office to create the "Make America Great Again Party", which would accept immune Trump to be that party'due south nominee if he had decided to become a 3rd-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the twenty-four hours subsequently Barack Obama won his reelection against Paw Romney. By his own account, Trump outset considered "We Volition Make America Great", but did not feel like it had the correct "ring" to it. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, simply upon farther reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. Later selecting "Brand America Great Once again", Trump immediately had an attorney annals it. (Trump subsequently said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United states of america Patent and Trademark Function requesting exclusive rights to employ the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, afterward Trump formally began his 2022 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public equally early as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Imprint displaying "Vote To Make America Swell Again" on a roadside in California shortly subsequently the November 2022 ballot

Trump wearing a "Continue America Cracking" chapeau in December 2019

During the 2022 entrada, Trump frequently used the slogan, especially past wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the campaign that at one point information technology spent more than on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to i. "...but it was a slogan, and every fourth dimension somebody buys 1, that's an advertisement."[28]

Post-obit Trump'due south ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2022 and 2022 that the slogan of his 2022 reelection campaign would exist "Go along America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump's 2022 campaign continued to use the "Make America Bully Again" slogan.[35] Trump'due south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2022 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the proper name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was besides mocked.[38]

A 2022 executive order, titled "Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture," was nicknamed "Brand Federal Buildings Beautiful Again" by proponents and the press.[39] [40] [41]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about perhaps establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Great Over again Party". In his showtime few days out of office, he too supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise chosen for the cosmos of a "MAGA Party". In tardily January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Business firm.[42] [43]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself past tweeting "My utilize of social media is not Presidential – information technology'south Modern DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Once more!" on July 1, 2017.[44]

In the start half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[45] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[45]

Trump attributed his victory (in role) to social media when he said "I won the 2022 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[46] According to RiteTag,[47] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: i,304 unique tweets, v,820,000 hashtag exposure, and iii,424 retweets with xiv% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[47]

Donald Trump set up up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the annunciation (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2022 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May three, 2016) and subsequently winning the presidency.[48]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its utilise since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, amidst others,[v] [6] explained how information technology is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't only appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, merely also to those who accept felt a loss of status equally other groups have become more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America Beginning did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[49]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Again' lid is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Only if you wear 1, it'south a pretty good indication that you lot share, admire or capeesh President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[fifty] [51] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan every bit "fabled", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the earth."[52] Polling has shown that near ten percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[53] [ non-primary source needed ] while about thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[54] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and erstwhile Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in Jan 2022 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be fiddling doubt well-nigh US President Donald Trump'south views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Brand America Great Over again; America First and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Over again."[55]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Adept Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Nifty Again [56] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book near her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special ballot titled Troublemaker: Let'south Practise What It Takes To Make America Great Once again.[57]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election entrada and to his politics. Trump'south primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Once more" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump'southward boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016, debate.[58] The phrase has as well been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.Due south.–Mexico border.[59] [60]

During remarks at the White House on May 4, 2022, President Biden referred to old President Trump'due south "Brand America Great Again" movement, saying, "This MAGA crowd is really the most extreme political organization that's existed in American history, in contempo American history."[61]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that peachy" during a September 2022 nib signing.[62] [63] Former US Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2022 interview on MSNBC, request: "Exactly when did you think America was great?"[64] [65] During John McCain'due south memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made groovy again because America was always great."[66] Trump afterwards tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT Again!" later that day.[67]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2022 report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive infinite" for far-right extremists globally.[68] Other permutations include "Brand America White Again"[69] and the nonsense phrase "GAWA."

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The terminal sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet slap-up again."[seventy]

During his entrada for the 2022 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia bully once again", though he denied having copied Trump.[71]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Once more".[72] [73]

February 2022 Fridays for Future protestation in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement accept ofttimes used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[74] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the Earth Greta Again.[75]

The Spanish correct political party VOX used as slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Spain Great Over again".[76] [77]

In pop culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Brand America Great Over again" catchphrase as information technology appears on a MAGA lid

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip guild tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2022 campaign trail and role of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[78]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Brand America Douse Again".[79]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Groovy Once more was a street art landscape by creative person Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[80] [81]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2022 stand up-up tour was titled "Making America Great Again".[82]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the Earth Trade Center during the September xi attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Once more" hats.[83] [84] [85]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpet e.g. 2022 Grammy Awards.[86]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Peachy Over again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[87]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Great Again" fez hat in i scene.[88]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[89]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would subsequently use as his 2022 campaign slogan); one of the TV spots for the motion picture featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to continue my country [America] peachy".[90] The next picture show in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA chapeau.[91]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA lid throughout the motion picture.[92]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Brand Athens Great Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Gratuitous Again" in its marketing campaign.[93]
  • In Metal Gear Ascent: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Smashing Over again" during his spoken communication while contesting Raiden.[94]
  • In Hitman ii (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast under the slogan Haz que Colombia sea grande otra vez .[95]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Dazzler/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once again.[96]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2022 called M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Once again.[97]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[98]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2022 nationwide bout the "Make America Rage Once more Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and writer James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2022 called 'Make Acrimony Great Again'[99]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[100]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Brand America Swell Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Vocalist Joy Villa produced a single "Brand America Great Again" a few months later on actualization at the 2022 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[101]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Brand America Skate again in Take a chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with comprehend art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[102]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Again.[103]
  • Metal band Thy Fine art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Again" on their album Homo Target (2019). They too sell a lid with the slogan "Make Deathcore Keen Again".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a lid saying "Brand Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia Eastward. Butler used "Make America Not bad Once again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[104] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[105]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[106] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Goggle box [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Final Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Once again", in reference to the original ancestral proper name of the Trump family.[107] [108] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[108]
  • In the Due south Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen property signs bearing the slogan.[109]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What'due south By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious once again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[110] [111] [112] [113]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used past Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the blackness people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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  4. ^ a b Melton, Marissa (Baronial 31, 2017). "Is 'Make America Great Once again' Racist?". Voice of America. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  5. ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (Jan 24, 2019). "MAGA hats: Trump entrada swag or symbols of detest?". Detroit Free Press . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (Feb 5, 2019). "MAGA hats and blackface are different forms of expression, simply they share a sure unfortunate DNA". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them past Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump's slogan, 'Brand America great again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Land of white male person supremacy, where coal was an crawly fuel, blue-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again#:~:text=Ronald%20Reagan,-See%20also%3A%20Ronald&text=For%20those%20who've%20abandoned,to%20make%20America%20great%20again.%22

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